Scaling the power-limitation wall

Increasingly, microprocessor performance is limited by achievable power dissipation rather than by the number of available integrated-circuit resources (transistors and wires).

Therefore, the only way to significantly increase the performance of microprocessors is to improve power efficiency at about the same rate as the performance increase.

One way to increase power efficiency is to differentiate between: The Cell Broadband Engine does this by providing a general-purpose PPE to run the operating system and other control-plane code, and eight SPEs specialized for computing data-rich (data-plane) applications.